A futures contract is a security just like a stock or a bond with some similarities and many differences. A stock gives you the right to own a small part of the company while a bond makes you a lender to a company or the government.
Futures contract as the name implies is a binding contract between two parties for the delivery of a commodity or an asset or even a financial instrument at some future date between the buyer and seller of that contract. Futures market is a highly regulated market with the CFTC responsible for its regulation. Buyers and sellers don’t come in direct contact with each other. In between is the Central Clearing House that enforces the contract reducing the risk of party default!
Futures market is a very important financial market that sets the prices in the retail and wholesale markets of commodities like wheat, corn,heating oil, oil, gasoline, gold, silver, cattle, soybeans, meat, hogs, coffee and many other foodstuff. Futures market was primarily developed for helping farmers hedge their risk while growing agricultural commodities. Agricultural commodities are a very important part of the futures market. Over the decades, futures contracts become popular on a host of other commodities and contracts.
Futures contracts are by design meant to limit the amount of time and risk exposure experienced by hedgers and speculators. What this means is that all futures contracts are time bound and at some point in the future they expire.
Now you can easily trade these contracts by opening an account with a FCM brokerage and deposit an amount to start trading these contracts on margin. The minimum amount with most of the brokers is something like $5,000 but it can less too! Brokers allow leverage upto 10:1 when you trade on margin. Compare this to the leverage of 2:1 allowed by stock brokers. In the last decades, electronic trading has become highly popular among the traders. This includes futures as well.
In US, open outcry trading still takes place during the official hours at the different futures exchanges. However, most of these futures contracts also get traded electronically. GLOBEX allows electronic trading of most of these futures contracts 23 hours each day. Electronic trading provides a more level playing field, more price transparency and lower transaction costs.
The most popular futures contract that get traded on GLOBEX are S&P 500 stock index futures, NASDAQ 100 futures, Eurodollars, CME E-mini futures, foreign exchange rates, gold futures and crude oil futures. You can also trade options on GLOBEX.
GLOBEX trading overnight tends to be thin and more volatile than during the official trading hours that are from 8:30 AM EST to 4:15 PM EST. If you trade financial news on Bloomberg or CNBC before the stock market opens officially, you will find quotes on S&P 500 futures and other taken from GLOBEX.
These quotes are real time. There are many contracts that you can trade and the possibilities of making money in futures trading are immense. Imagine the prices of crude oil going up again just like what happened in the summer of 2008! Futures trading can be highly profitable but risky as well. Before you dabble in them, you should paper trade these contracts for at least a month just to get a feel of how to do it.
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